Temples Kalapshp and Governor's house, and booth Kertasy

As a result of the tremendous efforts of UNESCO to save the Nubian monuments that were threatened with submersion, after building the High Dam, the transfer of these temples ( "Kalapshp" and "Governor's house," and "Kertasy") from their position of origin, which sank to the current position on the western coast of Lake Nasser. Was funded by the Government of West Germany at that time the transfer and the rebuilding of the Temple 13000 block "Kalapshp." It was courtesy of the Western edifice of the temple "Kalapshp" to the Government of West Germany in recognition of their efforts to save the temple, and this edifice is now before the Western Museum in Berlin.
Built a temple, "Kalapshp" Kalabsha in the era of Emperor "Aozhustos" Emperor Augustus in the period between 30 BC and 14 AD, and mainly devoted to the god of Nubian "Mandolees" Mandulis. But was held in the same temple worship of the goddess "Isis" and her husband, the god "Osiris"; also used the temple as a church in the Christian era. During the rescue operations and transport, which carried out by Germany, were discovered evidence of the existence of the oldest parts of the temple dating back to my era, "Omnovis (Amenhotep) II" (no tomb by the "Valley of the Kings") and "Ptolemy IX".

Extends picturesque stone corridor of the lake until the first edifice of the temple "Kalapshp." The following are the first courtyard of the edifice, columns, and a hall with 12 columns to columns. And wall reliefs depicting emperors and kings of different jumping fun with the gods! After the room there are 3 rooms and peace ascend from one of these rooms to the surface. There is an internal passage between the temple and the wall that surrounds it, and the corridor leading to a measure of the Niloma Temple "Governor's house," have been transferred and re-installed the north - west of the Temple "Kalapshp" with the help of the United States Government. He built most of the temple, "Governor's house," in the era of "Ramses II" It is carved from the rock. There are inscriptions on the walls depicting the victories of King "Ramses II" on the Kushite Nilometer still in good condition. Cushites, and its wars against the Libyans and the Syrians; and the king sees the "Ramses" in one scene, grabbing and pulling hair of his enemies, while women seek ye him mercy.

These
Image due to about a year in 1850 for the temple, "Kertasy" before being transferred.
And is situated north of the Temple "Kalapshp" remains of the Temple "Kertasy" Temple of Kertassi, and consists of two columns of two heads on the cow "Hathor", and model large above 4 columns with the heads of a complex design.

Temple Dandara

Similar to planning a temple with the temple of Edfu, Dandara and is likely that it was built on the same chart. But did not complete the rest of the elements of a perimeter fence and the yard and pylon as it was planned. There is the Temple of Dendera inside the perimeter fence, large back compartment of the family house of 11 and the birth of the family, 30, limited to Ptolemaic, temple Aiues from the era of August, a large temple of Hathor from the late Ptolemaic period to the beginning of the Roman era, the birth house of Roman era, a holy lake, the boat Mksorp near the lake and clinic. And several wells because the priests continued to build a temple to the ancient times, the text mentions of Dendera the following:
"States De: planning great Airent, to renew the effect of which was built by King Aljnor and the north, Mr. earths (the best of Ra, the master of the Transfiguration, Jehoty MS according to the ancient writings of his grandfather in the reign of King Khufu."

1. Large Hypostyle Hall

2. Second, Small Hypostyle Hall

3. Laboratory

4. Storage Magazine

5. Offering Entry

6. Treasury

7. Exit to Well

8. Access to Stairwell

9. Offering Hall

10. Hall of the Ennead

11. Great Seat (central Shrine)/Main Sanctuary

12. Shrine of the Nome of Dendera

13. Shrine of Isis

14. Shrine of Sokar

15. Shrine of Harsomtus

16. Shrine of Hathor's Sistrum

17. Shrine of Gods of Lower Egypt

18. Shrine of Heathor

19. Shrine of the Throne of Re

20: Shrine of Re

21. Shrine of Menat Collar

22. Shrine of Ihy

23. The Pure Place

24. Court of the First Feast

25. Passage

26. Staircase to Roof

Lead the temple gate to the lobby columns [G] "Pronaos" has shown in the era of Emperor Etbirios and decorated walls in the era of Caligula and Claudius and Nero and similar in layout Mthleetha in the temple of Edfu, and the twenty-four columns with capitals Anhorip and lead door to the temple the original and which studies have shown that modern construction due to the age of Ptolemy XII. The area of the temple the original 81 × 38 m has built of sandstone and consists of:
Hall is based on six pillars Anhorip known as the Transfiguration hall
Three rooms on the eastern side, namely:
Plant room, store room, the Hall of offerings known as the Central hall.
And three rooms on the western side:
Room store "treasures", the Hall of Central Hall, the Hall of the cabin.
Then after that we get into the Hall of offerings, including the entrance of western wall leads to peace and through the western corridor to the store room and then to the hall. The entrance to the eastern wall leads to the East Hall of peace
The axis of the temple up the entrance hall to the hall offerings Altasus and before the Holy of Holies and surrounded by several rooms, east and west:

East side

Textile Hall, Hall and exposed Brat, Hall of Bast, Soccer Hall of Osiris, Hall of Poplar Smataaoy.
The western side:

Almnit Hall, the Hall of Ihy.
The statues of gods phones in the yard and provide them with many of the offerings have been processed in "and played" Vtdhn fat and wear and decorate for the preparation of rejoicing, "union with the sun" This celebration occurs on several occasions but especially on the feast of the new year, in which attending the statues of gods from the vaults Temple Hall of the "and played" where wear and equipped with all its symbols and then carried by many of the priests and go up the peace-west to the roof of the temple heading to a room "Josag" in the southwest corner where they are exposed to the sun, and thus perceive a strong new vitality for the new year and finally bear statues and down the convoy on the road to peace in the east to the temple ie "and played" a part of the theater, which was carried out by

Isis


Isis



Temple of Hathor

the celebrations of the beginning of the new year.
There on the surface in addition to Jawasaq-Zone, each consisting of two rooms and a courtyard and were devoted, as in the other temples of this era for the worship of Osiris in the month of Kiahk. There Onchudtan one long praise of Osiris in all regions and little places of worship of Osiris in all parts of the world and the text is on both sides of the courtyard of the sun of rooms from the West to Osiris and have a clear link text Kiahk P yard light to rooms of Oriental and other short-and some differences show some new opinions to the priests and the rooms of worship The surface has been known since the modern state, but usually open and dedicated to the worship of the sun.
House of birth:

A separate building where ceremonies are held each year to celebrate the birthday of the god I'm young Ihy Lady Hathor Dendera and Horus Alidfoy. And returns this ritual at least until the age of Hatshepsut, according to legend, the date her mother was a human being with normal human beings, while her father was the god Amun, but now under foreign rule, the priests moved the Christmas story to the world of the gods completely.

The Dendera Temple is the only one who holds the text of the establishment of the Greek does not see with the naked eye. It was believed that Cleopatra VII photographed only twice on the back of the temple of Dendera, but proved to the study of their titles and distinguished crown as depicted in this temple 63 times in different places.
Scientists have known that the views recorded on the walls have been developed according to the particular system studied has certain rules must be observed and it becomes impossible to understand the texts they been well named Philip Darshan this system the "rules of the temple" was followed by an important study for "Erich Winter," which pointed out the important example of the rules the temple in the texts of the rite is that the






the content changes according to the level of its existing scene. Ie when studying the landscape or the weather must observe certain rules, including the adjacent landscape or the weather or what is known as contrast Balsimitrip. As well as in mind that each landscape does not necessarily reflect Weather For to worship, but includes specific details of the balcony where the temple is a microcosm of the universe, therefore, reflect the architectural elements of the universe, therefore, be a place Ouchaa view of particular importance. We must not read or understand the text separate from the landscape architectural element or where it is and within the rules of the temple, which was also observed by clothing and crowns, have proved to be the king when the weather, he wears a crown of God associated with this weather. If the scenes of certain recorded in the two places are located geographically on the direction of North and South, we find the king wearing a crown appropriate for the direction of the geographical as well as to choose the titles of certain of the king or God for specific reasons, or choose words certain to revive the idea of specific, everything is carefully selected and advanced search more steps in this way to understand the "rules of the temple"

Magic and magicians at the ancient Egyptians

Magic and magicians at the ancient Egyptians



Magic is as old as humanity itself, and the oldest civilization, from which the ... defined rights when I feel his presence, knew Bihsash when looking at the nature around him and found himself surrounded by invisible forces beyond his understanding and far from his grasp.

It could not resist including his grasp of the means and possibilities.

Try to captivating those forces Baltdhara sometimes and deception and the arts at other times, credo, magic and hand this humanitarian effort is dual, and the need to hand in one, it was natural that aligns the religion and magic in more than one aspect of the life of society; therefore focus magic in temples and regarded note of the Science priesthood, who majored in which the priests alone, and many of the religious rituals associated with witchcraft and his teachings, and overlapping of magic and religion together in the books of the dead and the religious texts and the relationship of "gods" old human beings.

The penetration of magic in the priesthood, as the great archaeologist Dr. Salim Hassan said: "it is pointless to look if magic and religion, religion, Walid Walid magic, Valatqadan have emerged in the field and one dictated by the appearance of the world and the phenomena of nature."

The public's perception of witches Knzerathm to the clergy; because each represents the divine power.

Associated with magic since its inception in the myths of creation - the creation of life, existence, consisting of two factors, the driving forces and controlling them, the ancient Egyptians was attributed magic and coming to land, "the god Thoth, the god of science and knowledge and the bearer of divine signs and lunar deity of the city of Hermopolis the first to drop books and a magic holy Tlassmh impressive ejaculates character, pronunciation, word, each of which represents the strength of its impact and effectiveness, in all of them put the secrets of the universe and existence. Valkhalq create things by saying their names, creatures speak Science and acquaintance and communication, and the character or the symbol for a picture. "

That papyrus papyri Thoty "Hermes" in the Harz on "secrets of the universe," explains many aspects of witchcraft and the means, Vartkzat belief in the magic that each of the character and the name and pronunciation have a magical energy efficiency, including the forces of good, including the forces of evil, he recalled the names of the gods and the gods - for example - to meditate or chant them to magical effect in extending rights and protection of the forces of good or save it from the forces of evil.

Valshr, elements and rituals based on those "three holy gifts," which gave extraordinary power in the magician how to use them both in amulets or talismans, amulets and spells and amulets, rituals, and other known methods of making magic.

Has said, "Maspero" The schools of magic and found next to the ages of the oldest schools in the homes of the priesthood of life attached to the temples, and some dating back to pre-dynastic period a university Online "Ein Shams" was especially powerful kings in the Old preparing Mfajarham of the status of those schools under their care Eshmlunha Benayathm and amounted to maximize both Bent and Khufu (2680 BC). they Olkabhma annexation to the core of the President of witches.

The student, who devoted his life to the study of magic and get a degree of ingenuity and excellence that qualifies him to carry the title of "Ayurvedic texts describe" any who did see the book of God and knew the secrets of the universe and the god Thoth granted control of the driving forces of life and subject to the benefit of humans and the payment of the elements of evil, it does not carry the title only If the test in front of Pharaoh and his efficient and recognized officially allowed to practice magic.

Among the most famous houses, which was taught magic in ancient Egypt, each of the universities and temples: Online "Ain Shams", and Abydos, and betrayed Min "Akhmim" and Cayce, and good, and Siwa, it emerged schools in Alexandria and Dendera in the era of Ptolemy, and schools of the goddess Isis, which was considered in the then heated magic and the Romans called it the name of the "goddess of magic and magicians Idol."

· Was a center of excellence for magicians and a special place in both the Old and families during the twelfth and eighteenth, and the assumption of some well-known magicians top state posts or advisors to Pharaoh, and members of the Council of Elders. As many of the senior priests, scientists and doctors are proud to carry the title of a magician beside their profession of origin.



Not only magic magicians only men but some women had full knowledge of witchcraft and communication of life and some of them became pregnant as the title of "hex temple" immortalized the names of history, many of whom like Millette, Wanhai, and Tawi audiobook, narrated, and some were queens and princesses.

It was reported that some of the Sicilian Diodore queens learned the magic of the priests, and specializing in it, and that the Queen was sitting next to the King on the throne, and is connected to his visit to the Temple by the province of magic counter, which is shown in some drawings and sculptures appear when the queen, who is put her arm on the shoulder or behind the King back; to protect him from the enemies of the dark, while protected by the cobra snake or the publisher at the top of his crown and forehead, to protect him from the evil eye and enemies Confronters him.

The magician wearing special uniforms distinctive, and some of them wearing a leopard skin if witches temple, as was the magician a magic wand in the form of live or carry the heads of some animals, fairy tales and the heads of the gods.

All of the stick is the temple that belongs to him or leave it, which gives him a stick when allowed to practice the profession.

* I took the doctrine of magic on the ancient Egyptians Xitrp the same religious beliefs, were Cwnhm help them in the secular and religious together as they used in the different conditions of life, and charm all types of magic in various forms known to the ancient world or rolling it so far from the incantations, spells and incantations and writing different kinds of amulets, to engage in ritual magic, spirituality and magic spells and amulets, and have exercised conjuring next to the reputations of the link between astronomy and astrology, witchcraft and fortune-telling and the heavenly constellations and sheets determination and palmistry and detect unseen by Horus, the sacred pot, a pot was filled with water and covered with a layer of oil recite it Taoivh magician appears on the god Horus in the form of light oil on the surface and reflect on its surface pictures of what it asks of the mysteries and secrets, which today is called the "Almendl."



· And beliefs of the ancient Egyptian magic to each and every human companion from the jinn attendant P followed in life and death, and the ancient Egyptian language called "Ka" and was symbolized by his armchair pulled up, Rome was in accordance with the faith-filled life strongly influence, and must prevent human fear of the different kinds of evil as much as he himself strongly in his faith and any immunity or with the help of others in the resistance and the hunt is threatened or replace it - as stipulated in the magic papyri of the old state the existence of elves and their relationship to human beings, Mlazemthm of the population in some cases, what can be done to please or to prevent evils is still a lot of those beliefs to prevail in many people's minds.

• the statues Aloocpty (transponders), which called served in the Hereafter, and bearing the symbols of magical talismans, amulets and placed next to the Dead, which reached number one in some Ingredients 365 doll or a statue representing days of the year as a whole ... It is believed that the ancient statues with magical powers provided to it creature that comes to life Vtsra to answer the deceased in the other world trip if he calls for action.

· Next to what was the witch's position when allowed to exercise their profession, such as the sacred protection of both the king and the temple, and were given gifts and generous gifts from the government and people for their good services to humanity and people of religious and secular, the practice of witchcraft or black magic opposite which is intended to The damage to others is punishable by death.

In the papyrus, "Lee" at the Museum "library community in Paris," a description of what a magician by people who wanted revenge, and did wax statues and read by magic spells, each statue, including in particular a kind of harm and damage, injuring persons species has allocated to each of them, they lifted up their case to King, ordered the arrest of the magician and the warrant for his execution and hanged publicly in the city market, as is the prevention of all magicians for such acts.

They also described the Papyrus Harris Bntar the plot being hatched by one of the sons of King Ramses III in conjunction with his mother, with some witches who stayed in the palace some writings and spells and charms, and prepared statues of wax sprayed members of the King paralyzing spells and defeat it, and discovered after the King fled to his dormitory. .. and describes how the papyrus foiled the plot and tried witches and wizards all Voadm conspirators who participated in the plot, and allowed the army commander and head of the Revolutionary Guard and two men that the court commit suicide in court before a judge.

Tips for Anti-Aging Facial

Anti Aging

Nobody really wants wrinkles, fine lines and crows feet. Although they aren't neccissarily a bad thing, I would think many of us would prefer to fight the signs of agingand have younger looking skin for as long as possible.

This lens is is not only about anti aging skin skin care but about other measures you can take as well to help slow down the aging process without the need for surgery. Through everything fromskin care, to diet to excersize, find out what can help slow down time and keep your skin looking younger, fresher and more vibrant!

New Table of Contents

Anti Aging Skin Care

The skin care products you choose will have a huge impact on your skins overall look. Taking good care of your skin is not only beneficial no matter your age but healthy, glowing skin can make you appear much younger than you really are.

When looking for skin care products to help slow down the looks of aging be sure to look for the following;

PH Balanced - a PH balance of 5.5 is important to fight the signs of aging as well as acne, skin damage and over dryness.

Natural Probiotics -Probiotic skin care is a great way to help reduce, fight and prevent aging. Probiotics are known for reversing skin damage caused from the environment, pollution as well as rejuvenating collagen.

Vitamins & Minerals - look for skin care products which contain vitamins such as B1, B12 and Vitamin A &C.

Eat your way to Younger Looking Skin

Antioxidants, Fiber & Omega 3 Fatty Acids

ANTIOXIDANTS

Foods rich in antioxidants are known for fighting the signs of aging. These foods include the following;

Broccoli
Sweet Potatoes
Acai
Blueberries
Tomatoes
Spinach
Garlic
& other bright or dark colored foods

Green and White Tea are also rich in antioxidants.

FIBER

Get your fill of fiber in foods like 100% whole grain breads, brown rice and beans. Fruits and vegetables are also a good source of fiber.

OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS

Get your Omega 3 from foods such as salmon, walnuts and flax seed.

Exercise for Anti Aging

We all know that exercise is important for maintaining health however, did you know that certain types of exercise are linked to slowing the process of aging? Stay looking younger by toning and tightening skin as well as keeping fit and trim. Keep exercise fun and always make sure to listen to your body and dont over do it!

Qigong is an ancient Chinese technique where you tap into your natural energy and in return fight the signs of aging.

Other forms of exercise include golfing, walking, running, Tai Chi and gardening. Exercise can also help reduce stress, anxiety, increase longevity and improve your sex drive!

Karnak Temple Luxor Egypt

Karnak Temple is a vast temple complex in Luxor dedicated primarily to Amun and dating from as early as 2000 BC. It is an impressive sight, and second only to the Great Pyramids in popularity.
History

After a century of foreign occupation, the New Kingdom (1550-1150 BC) of Egypt emerged, with its capital at Thebes. The captial city was embellished with grandiose temples worthy of the majesty of the pharaohs, the greatest being Karnak.


The temple complex of Karnak, dedicated to the Pharoah Amun, was the center of his worship and of his wife Mut and their son Khons. Each of them had a "precinct" (area) in the temple complex, the greatest and largest belonging to Amun. There was also a precinct for Montu, the falcon-headed local god.


Construction on the Karnak temple complex began in the 16th century BC and continued into the Greco-Roman period - a period of up to 1300 years of construction. Around 30 successive pharoahs added their own touches to the complex: a new temple, shrine, or pylon and carved detailed hieroglyphic inscriptions.

When the pharoah Akhenaton abandoned the traditional worship of Amun and took up the worship of Aten, the sun god, he built a temple to Aten at Karnak. But after his death, the Theban priests destroyed all signs of sun worship at Karnak and elsewhere.
What to See

The Karnak temple complex is huge, covering a site almost a mile by two miles in area. There are over 25 temples and chapels in the complex, including separate shrines for the three boats that took the statues of the gods on their annual trip on the flooding Nile. Sanctuaries, obelisks, and groups of columns all feature accounts of the heroic deeds of the sponsoring pharoah.

The key difference between Karnak and most of the other temples and sites in Egypt is the length of time over which it was developed and used. Approximately 30 pharaohs contributed to the buildings, enabling it to reach a size, complexity and diversity not seen elsewhere. Few of the individual features of Karnak are unique, but the sheer size and number of features makes it one of the most impressive temple complexes in Egypt.

The Karnak complex includes several of the finest examples of ancient Egyptian design and architecture. Among them are the Hypostyle Hall, considered one of the world’s great architectural achievements. It is filled with 134 enormous pillars, the highest 70 feet tall, and each about 45 feet around. The hall covers an area of 64,586 sq ft.

The most spectacular of the temples at Karnak is the Temple of Amun (Amun’s Precinct), the only section open to the public. This is entered via the Avenue of the Sphinxes, or Sacred Way, that once stretched the two miles from Karnak to Luxor Temple.

The Obelisk of Thutmose I, a 22m (71ft) monument, is the only one of four original obelisks that is still standing.
Getting There

The vast majority of tourists visit Karnak Temple as part of an organised coach tour, but it is also possible to take a public minibus (25pt) from Luxor Bus Station, or hire a taxi or caleche (horse and cart) - both officially priced at £E10 - from the center of Luxor.

Paying nightly homage to Horus

Paying nightly homage to Horus
The new sound-and-light show at Edfu Temple is a spectacular addition to Egypt's many fine existing shows, writes Ingrid Wassmann


The darkness surrounding the temple and the whispers from the eager visitors are quickly submerged by a masterful interplay of music, narration and light.As the show begins, the massive 37-metre-high pylon is splashed with colourful laser beams, while an amplified voice begins the fabulous story of Edfu's Temple of Horus, dedicated to the god of the sky.
This new sound-and-light show at Edfu Temple was inaugurated on 1 June, an impressive LE35 million project managed and completed in 18 months by Misr Company for Sound, Light and Cinema, headed by Chairman and Managing Director Essam Abdel-Hady.
"We added a sound-and-light show in Edfu for three main reasons," explains Abdel-Hady. "The Temple of Horus is one of the best preserved in Egypt," and he adds that passengers on a Nile cruise docked overnight in Edfu previously had very few evening sightseeing options. "This project is also a way to develop the economy of Edfu, which is not a wealthy town," says Abdel-Hady.

In an intriguing juxtaposition of state-of-the-art technology and Ptolemaic history, the show employs four high-definition projectors, three movable video projectors and 260 illumination units to create the special light effects. "We used a light-emitting diode system that has a longer lifetime, lower carbon emissions and is energy saving. It is therefore more environmentally friendly," Abdel-Hady explains.

The 50-minute show is divided into three parts, beginning at the north entrance situated at the back of the temple. Images of Horus, characteristically depicted as a falcon, and the different Graeco-Roman rulers projected onto the limestone blocks of the building and synchronised with the narration and music bring the story of the construction of the Temple of Horus to life. The building was started in 237 BCE and completed about a century later.
Visitors to the nightly show, mostly passengers from cruises on the Nile, are then led through a small door into the huge paved courtyard, where they are surrounded by the temple's colonnades, columns and reliefs and faced with the imposing presence of a colossal black granite statue of Horus wearing the double crown of Egyptian kingship.
Here they hear about daily life inside the temple, the sanctuary of Horus, and the ancient worshipping of this god, during which falcons were carried by priests to the deity who would choose a favourite and set it free.

Attention is then soon drawn to two large circles that first appear as a mass of bird feathers and are then transformed into a pair of gigantic falcon eyes -- those of Horus -- which symbolically represent the sun and the moon.
"What makes this sound-and-light show unique is the depth, the space and the different shapes available for the light to be projected onto, such as the building's colonnades, façades and walls," said photographer Sherif Sonbol, who has spent a great deal of time photographing the Edfu Temple for his new book, The Nile Cruise: An Illustrated Journey (AUC Press, 2010).
The third and last part of the show depicts Horus's mother and father, Isis and Osiris. The latter deity was killed by his brother Seth, the god of chaos, in ancient Egyptian mythology, and the show depicts the great battle of Edfu between Horus, avenging his father's death, and Seth, who is represented in many temple wall reliefs as a shrinking hippopotamus.
The show ends at the front façade of the temple, used today as the main entrance for daytime visits.

"Not many people see the Edfu Temple at night, but now they can visit it during the day and after dark," explains Ahmed Abul-Ela, a national tour guide for the past 21 years. "The sound-and-light show in the Temple of Horus is the final phase of a 10-year site management programme put in place for Edfu," Abul-Ela adds enthusiastically.
This latest sound-and-light show in Upper Egypt adds to existing ones at the Pyramids in Giza and at Karnak in Luxor, Philae and Abu Simbel. Meanwhile, another sound-and-light show is being planned for Cairo's Citadel, while the current one at the Pyramids in Giza is expected to undergo a complete makeover.

Egypt - An LED lighting masterpiece at the Citade

Commissioned in 1830 by Muhammad Ali Pasha and built during the first half of the 19th century, the Mosque of Muhammad Ali, also known as the Alabaster Mosque owing to the extensive use of the translucent stone in much of its internal and external structure, is one of the most visited in Egypt. The grandeur of its location inside the ancient Citadel walls of Salah al Din, its many domes and towering minarets along with its imposing architectural outline, make it an impressive part of the Cairo skyline.

As with much of Egypt’s cultural heritage, the Citadel comes under the protection of the country’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, headed by the Egyptian Minister for Culture. Two years ago, he commissioned the development of a dedicated lighting scheme for the area. MISR Company for Sound and Light and Cinema, headed by Managing Director Essam Abdel Hady, was drafted in to carry out the installatio following their work illuminating Share’ Al-Muiz Street - the centre of Islamic Cairo. Having used fixtures from GRIVEN on that previous project, they turned to the Italian manufacturer to create a design for the Citadel.

The scheme was developed through a virtual project management system by GRIVEN lighting engineer Raffaele Vincelli and Danilo Bettinazzi, Director of Sales & Marketing of GRIVEN in cooperation with GRIVEN’s Egyptian distributor, Hilights Professional Light and Sound. The GRIVEN team wanted to create an innovative concept both culturally and environmentally, one that used light to celebrate the many architectural features that go largely unnoticed during the day.

The Supreme Council were keen to avoid a bland floodlighting solution, but even so, GRIVEN had to go through an intensive process of approval and testing, showing that every component of the LED fixtures used could cope with an ambient temperature of plus 50 degrees Celsius. After careful evaluation, the Council gave the team the go-ahead.

MISR Company for Sound and Light and Cinema and Hilights Professional Light and Sound, represented by its owners Hamed Arafa and Adham Ismail, handled a number of key roles – lighting system integration, commissioning, and installation supervision – as well as providing local expertise. Danilo Bettinazzi, Raffaele Vincelli and GRIVEN’s Product Engineering Giuseppe Froio were required on location to supervise the final assessment of the whole installation right before the inauguration ceremony, which took place at the end of October 2009.

Vincelli recalls the first steps towards finalising the concept: “The global approach we took was to choose a modern kind of accent lighting, which could bring onlookers a renewed perspective of the mosque, enhancing, in an almost impressionist way, specific architectural features of the mosque itself, like columns, lintels, arches, domes and minarets, and their three-dimensionality with skilled, but at the same time deliberately uneven brushes of soft colours. A uniform light was not what we were looking for, as we thought it could not add anything special to the mosque’s essence.”


The scheme can be divided into five main elements: the domes, the minarets, the cloister, the outer structure of the mosque, and the Citadel walls.

The Domes
Particular attention was given to the sophisticated configuration of the domes. The mosque’s Ottoman architecture is actually based on a wide (21m diameter) central dome, which is carried on four piers and spherical pendentives, flanked by four half-domes and four smaller domes on each corner. Four more semi-domes, set on top of the divergent façade of the Mosque, complete the sinuous Byzantine rhythm of the roof configuration. The lighting concept was designed to provide the structure with a layered effect created by the alternation of light shots and shadow spots, magnifying the effect of its complex geometry. This was achieved using GRIVEN’s Parade D-RGB-12 LED linear colour changers, – as well as Parade D-RGB-5 where space was limited. The fixtures were strategically located along the edge of the domes, lighting them from the bottom and in doing so stressing their three-dimensionality.

The Minarets
Over eighty metres in height, two Turkish style minarets with balconies and conical caps are situated on the western side of the Alabaster mosque. Their dramatic height combined with the architectural constraints set by the Supreme Council of Antiquities, which dictated that no fixtures be visible by day, was a tough challenge for the experienced GRIVEN engineers. In order to achieve their ambitious lighting scheme while also avoiding the unwanted visual impact of the fixtures themselves, a number of Danube LED projectors were placed on tall poles set 20 meters away from the minarets, directed at their upper peaks. More Danube units were employed to up light the shafts of the minarets in three sections.

Four smaller minarets set on the four cardinal point around the main dome, two medium-sized and two low minarets towering the divergent façade of the Mosque, were also illuminated with batteries of Dawn, Danube and Daisy-On, all extremely compact units fitted with the latest LED technology.

The Cloister
Almost square in shape (measuring 54 by 53 meters), the courtyard of the Alabaster Mosque is an architectural gem. Surrounded by dome-topped arcades - which are in turn supported by large marble columns - it has at its centre is a marble ablution fountain, fitted with a carved wooden roof set on columns that echo the cloister’s rhythmical pattern. As the courtyard is paved in antique marble, drilling into the floor was clearly not an option. In order to add shaded waves of colour and light to the cloister’s 45 columns, Dune in-ground LED luminaires were embedded in blocks of marble that were then placed at the base of each column.

The team took advantage of existing metal supports around the courtyard, using them to conceal approximately a hundred Parade D-RGB-12s and Parade D-RGB-5s at the base of each arch of the courtyard and on the fountain structure. These uplight both the front and the inner sides of the arches. Designed for refined architectural decoration, both Parade D-RGB-12 and Parade D-RGB-5 bars are super flux and high luminance colour changers that provide impressive output with real uniform colour coverage even on close-up installations. Their ability to be installed in any orientation, IP67 weather protection, compact size and light weight made them particularly suitable to the project.

On the west side of the courtyard there is a small tower decorated with an iron clock given to Mohammad Ali by the French King Louis Philippe in exchange for the obelisk that now stands in the Palace de la Concorde in Paris. A well-blended mixture of neo-gothic and oriental elements, this tower has been enlightened on three different levels with a series of Parade D-RGB-12s.

External StructureIn order to maintain a uniform pattern of light throughout the mosque, the external structure was treated with the same scheme as the internal areas. Dune projectors were embedded in marble cubes to give light and colour to the columns and Parade -D-RGB-12s were skilfully hidden below the arches.

Citadel Walls
The walls of the Salah Al Din reveal the structural history of a Citadel that has grown throughout different historical periods. Their rough strata of building styles are part of the Citadel’s ancient appeal and the lighting design aimed to emphasis this uneveness. Nearly 400 Danube 10 units were placed along the 1,580 metre perimeter, throwing up alternating stripes of light and shadow. Realising the scheme proved a challenge as the terrain was often difficult to work on and a number of fixtures had to be placed in the ground. From a distance, the scheme acts as an eyecatching support for the mosque within, framing it beautifully against the Egyptian sky.

Diet for healthy hair

Growth of , their glow and health is governed by the internal system of our body. Proper care is essential for healthy hair. Women since the beginning of time have known the secrets of using various foods to enhance beauty, resolve skin and hair problems, and provide solutions to common problems.

Skin of the scalp which is usually covered by hair, has deep rooted hair. At the root of each hair there is a tiny known as papilla. Papilla provides nourishment to hair.

Diet for healthy hair

Quality of your hair depends on your general health. Protein rich diet, with a profuse use of fruits and fresh vegetables is good for beautiful and healthy hair. So, before you look for a magical product to make yourself beautiful, be sure to remember the basics: lots of water and lots of fresh fruits and vegetables. Vitamin E can help your hair to have more shine, and you can get this much needed vitamin by incorporating brown rice, nuts, wheat germ and leafy green vegetables into your diet.

Hair Problems and Solution

Premature greying or falling of hair signifies some deficiency in the body. Polluted atmosphere, scorching heat, sultry climate affect the beauty of hair adversely. Likewise, tension, anxiety, grief, disease, frustration, brooding are also harmful.

Egypt - The sound and light show at Horus Temple

Once again GRIVEN’s LED lighting fixtures have been successfully employed in a sound and light show aimed at enhancing, by night, a cultural and artistic masterpiece of Egypt: the Temple of Horus in Edfu. Batteries of Stroker andDanube units have been installed at the world famous archaeological site located on the river Nile.


The Temple of Horus in Edfu is considered the best-preserved cult temple in Egypt. Built before Christ during the Ptolemaic era, it exactly reflects traditional Pharaonic architecture, providing an excellent idea of how all the temples must have once looked. The falcon-headed Horus was originally the sky god, later assimilated into the popular myth of Isis and Osiris as the divine couple's child. Covered and protected by desert sand and human settlement debris over the centuries, Edfu temple was found almost completely intact by Auguste Mariette in the 1860s. A very popular destination, Edfu is nowadays included in virtually all Egyptian tour itineraries. In 2005, a visitor centre and paved parking lot were added to the south side of the temple and in late 2006 a sophisticated lighting system was added to allow night visits, while in 2010 a Sound & light Show completed the tourist attractiveness of the archeological site.

Different colours combinations were chosen for the Edfu temple by the artistic directors of this lighting project - Friedrich Förster and Sabine Weissinger, Casa Magica, Tübingen (D) - in order to theatrically emphasize its chasing chambers. GRIVEN’s Stroker 12° and Danube 10° perfectly accomplished the requirements of the German lighting designers, who had been appointed by the Eng. Wael Gouda of the Egyptian company Horizon in order to provide the monument with the needed light output and colour brilliance. DANUBEuses 88 high brightness LEDs to achieve an extremely high light output, although this extra power is contained in a remarkably compact unit, allowing for an easy and highly versatile installation. Fitted with thirty-six 3W full colour LEDs and designed for refined professional use, STROKER is a super flux and high luminance colour changer for exterior and interior use that incorporates state of the art electronic colour mixing and high reliability, meaning powerful, uniform and effective colour rendering and minimal maintenance.
The show lasts one hour, the first half walking through the temple, the last half sitting on benches. Except the story of Isis and her son Horus, also the history of this island and the temples on it is narrated, as well as the vandalism by the Christians and the rescue of the temples by moving them to another island. It is a fantastic spectacle and we enjoy this much more than the short visit to this temple,